History of Zonguldak City The history of Zonguldak, which became the city center in a short time, is very new from the history of the region. The formation of the city started with the operation of this coal mine in the air. With the commissioning of the mines, domestic and foreign capital inflows into the basin started. Thus, the economic and social conditions that emerged as the coal mines opened one after another, created a new settlement unit in this area where the mines were opened. In the correspondence made until 1896, Zonguldak was referred to as "Zonguldak renowned location", connected to the Ereğli liva. Since the population and number of buildings of the Zonguldak location, whose area of ​​activity expanded further with the construction of the Zonguldak port breakwater in 1893, the Gaca Village, which is very old compared to the historical Zonguldak, preserved its position, while the Zonguldak location, the neighborhood of the Elvan Village, was an accident. Zonguldak was administered as an accident organization until 1920.

However, as the production and sales of mineral ore increased, more precisely because the population and the number of buildings in the city increased in parallel with the economic conditions, Zonguldak was removed from the accident class on June 1, 1920 and was included in the sub-district (district) class. With the Republic established after the War of Independence and the aftermath, the basin saw the importance it deserved and Zonguldak became the first province established after the Republic on April 1, 1924. History of the Region Phrygian Period Aegean migration tribes, whose weight was formed by Phrygian tribes in 1200 BC, spread to Central Anatolia through Thrace. Bythin, Mariandyn and Migdons from these tribes settled in the Zonguldak region and formed the first known people of the region.

Although the Phrygians and other tribes could not form a political organizational structure for several centuries, they achieved an important development in mining and handicrafts in the regions that fall to the south of Zonguldak. Later (676 BC), the Cimmerian beys, who got up from the Caucasus and entered Anatolia, eliminated Phrygia as a result of the campaigns they organized one after another. The Cimmerians later became weak as a result of their wars with the Lydians and Assyrians. As a result of the wars they had with the Med state coming from Iran, they could not hold on and left Anatolia. Colonization Period After the Cimmerians left the region, the Lydian State expanded to the north, and VI. He achieved superiority in Zonguldak region in the century. In the same years, the people of Megara and Boitians living in the Western Anatolian coasts came to Zonguldak regions. They tended to build small commercial piers where they could unload the goods they brought from the Black Sea coast. Among them were colonies such as Filyos, Amasra, and Ereğli. The Persians ended Lydian domination in Zonguldak in 546 BC. Persian Period Although Persians dominated all of Anatolia for 213 years, they did not get involved in the administration of colonial cities much. However, they tried to bring their own supporters, called "Tirana", into the administration of these cities. When the Macedonian King Alexander, who crossed into Anatolia in 334 BC, defeated the Persian army near the Bronikos (Biga) Stream, the Persian supremacy also ended in this region.

Alexander and the Kingdom of Bithynia Alexander left the region under the rule of Macedonian officers. Kalas, one of the officers of Alexander, tried to create pressure in the region. But he was defeated by the resistance of the Bythinian leader Bas. In 326 BC the Romans entered Bythinia in 85 BC and plundered Izmit. The King of Bythinia had to recognize Roman hegemony. In 70 BC, the Romans captured the Black Sea coasts from Ereğli to Samsun. Therefore, the Zonguldak region became the Front Asian province of Rome. Roman Period In 70 BC, the Romans conquered Herakleia and its surroundings. Heracleia was plundered. The golden statue of Heracles in the city's agora was taken to Rome. The geographer Strabon, who wrote in the Roman period, mentions Herakleia as "a city with good harbors". There are harbors on both sides of Amastris on a peninsula isthmus. The best boxwood species grow best in Amastris soil, especially around Kytaron (Gideros). The Romans repaired the coastal cities because they were ports and defense points. Herakleia, Teion, Amastris were connected to the main road Nikomedia (Izmit) - Amasya (Amasya) through secondary roads.

These cities include temples, theaters, aqueducts, entrepairs, basilicas, fountains, etc. some of whose ruins have survived to the present day. it was expanded with structures. Before Christianity, many gods and goddesses, especially Zeus Strategos, were worshiped in the region. Poseidon, the god of the sea, was also revered. In Amastris there was a temple dedicated to Poseidon. Depictions of Poseidon are seen on Herakleia and Amastris coins. In Amastris there were temples and altars of the Egyptian Gods Pis, Serapis, Apis. In addition, there was a sacred lotus sapling of Egyptian origin in Amastris. According to Christian legend, the Apostle Anderas spread Christianity on the Black Sea coast. The caves (Cehennemağzı Caves) in the Ayazma Creek Valley in Herakleia were used as churches during the period when Christians were oppressed